Exam 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Exam 3 - Essay Example This paper will focus on two theories of organizational communication, that is The Contingency theory and the Bureaucracy theory. Joan Woodward put the contingency theory forward as part of the scientific studies of management. It states that there is no single way in which management of an organization can solve a problem. Every situation is different and therefore calls for a different approach in providing a solution. This means that an organization should be dynamic and ready to embrace changes in order to enhance its operations. These contingencies are various constraints that can be originating either internally or externally. Internal constraints originate from the organization and they include demographic constraints, traditional, output and structural contingencies. Those that are external constraints include factors from the external environment such as political factors, environmental, economic, technological, legal and socio-cultural factors. Hence, an organization’s communication strategies are dependent upon different factors. 1. The contingency theory of decision-making; this perspective explains that for one to make a decision in an organization, the decision best suites the situation if it was made through consultations and is specific to that situation. Hence emphasizes the basic argument of the contingency theory that there is no one specific way of solving matters, they are all dependent upon situations. This theory was applied in Davis Instrument Company where by the management was face by a challenge in operations. This was because it wanted to change its systems. However, there was a challenge of how this would be done in the best way possible such that the workers would be receptive about the new system. Various proposals were made on how to handle the situation and it was quite difficult to settle on one.

Managing Global Hospitality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing Global Hospitality - Essay Example Global hospitality industry is growing at a good pace. The increase in holiday trends is one of the reasons of the growth. People now try to visit to different tourist destinations in their leisure time. Globalization has also contributed towards this trend and people all over the world get to see more and more beautiful destinations on television and internet. But with growth hospitality industry globally is also encountering many issues like regulations, natural disasters, high cost of service and greater competition. This has caused many global giants in the industry to look for new avenues of investment. Background of the Company Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts is one of the largest hotel chains of the world. The company started its operations in 1971from Singapore but currently it has hotels and resorts in around 17 countries all over the world. The company grew in Asia at a very fast pace and right now has a significant market share in Asia. Overall the company has presence in all continents of the world except Africa. Company is also planning to open a new hotel in London in 2012 (Shangri-La Hotels Website, 2011). The company has wonderful customer service and has won many awards for of excellence. The diversity at the Shangri-La Hotels is very well known all over the world (Clark & Chen, 2007). Shangri-La Hotels are high class hotel and are catered towards the rich class and for this reason a high quality of service is maintained. The company is also planning to expand in China, Canada and India in years to come. The brand name of the company is prestigious and known all over the world. The expansion of the company is based upon the innovative practices of the company.

Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Review - Article Example It provides alternative to Kenyans living in urban communities to send money to their loved ones living in the provinces. It beats having to spend time falling inline on banks and other money transfer services. The convenience, security, and portability of doing the transaction anytime, anywhere made M- PESA a preferred method for money transfer for 9.5 million Kenyans, that’s over 20 percent of the total population (The Economist, 2010). M- PESA works by converting the user’s cash to ‘e-float’, wherein money is digitalized and is credited to their phone. They could exchange or purchase ‘e-float’ through accredited banks and partnered agents who also sell airtime/ prepaid cards. When they want to send money or ‘e-float’ to another person, they would just key-in the amount they want to send. The receiving party—who also would have to be a Safaricom subscriber to be able to receive the e-float, would just simply show his phone —which contains the text message and reference number to the transaction, to redeem the e-float and exchange it to cash.

Measuring the development of rural women

Measuring the development of rural women Although it has been difficult to break down the gender blindness of development history, since 1970, gender’s role in family welfare was made as a visible social construct in development (Kingsbury et al., 2004; Bannon and Correia, 2006). Parallel to improvements made in womens position in many societies, the importance of gender to economic analyses (Kadam, 2012) and their active participation in development has been one of the most troubled aspects of the development debate (Kingsbury et al., 2004). In the rural sector, the attention to gender issues is even more challenging. This means that understanding the linkages between gender equity and development effectiveness is essential aspect of rural studies. Therefore, gender issues have been a core priority of governments including Iran. Although Iran has made considerable progress in terms of human development, its rural areas face some important challenges. Today rural people have, more than ever before, access to educatio n, health facilities and occupational opportunities. But close examination of their living conditions indicates that although the aggregate level of production and consumption has increased, the distribution of benefits continues to show persistent inequalities, including the need for more equitable income and wealth distribution, improved access to health and basic sanitation services. The concern for increasing the development of the rural women makes researchers eager to focus on enormous diversity of pathways to human development monitoring and evaluation. These attempts lead to determining list of indicators for monitoring and evaluation a range of economic, social and environmental goals. However, various life domains directly contribute to individual development. Perhaps, human development approach presents an opportunity not only to review achievements in human development domain, but also to determine challenges at different global, national and regional levels, systematica lly. Not surprisingly, the human development approach, which proved very popular in public discussion, has a crudeness that is somewhat similar to mechanical devices of economic development. Besides, this approach is concentrating on what remains undone especially for different regions. Therefore, the validity of the original human development vision has been criticized on a number of fronts. This paper discusses a modified index for measuring rural women development. The present study outlines different concepts important for concerning rural women development, specifically: (1) quality of life; (2) income; (3) social capital; (4) health and sanitation; (5) food security; (6) rate of education; and (7) life expectancy among rural women in Choram County, South-Werstern of Iran. These concepts provide understanding that rural communities are both an environment of care and a cause of disease. Background Since 1990, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has published a series of annual Human Development Reports (HDRs) in which the human development index (HDI) is computed for each country (Sagar and Najam, 1998). HDI embodies Amartya Sen’s â€Å"capabilities† approach to understanding human well-being, which emphasizes the importance of ends (Stanton, 2007). This framework has continued to be the keystone of annual reports from the UNDP on dimensions of human development demand most attention in the contemporary world: to lead a long and healthy life, to acquire knowledge and have access to resources for a decent standard of living. Adult literacy and combined enrolment ratios have been selected as indicators for the knowledge dimension, life expectancy at birth as the indicator for a healthy life and an adjusted GDP as the indicator for the standard of living. In essence, the HDRs have pushed the development debate boundaries beyond a traditional economic per spective (Sagar and Najam, 1998). Despite the positive view of these qualities by many scholars (Streeten, 1994), yet not all sides of the story are positive. However, substantial progress has seen in many aspects of human development, even in countries facing adverse economic conditions (Human development report, 2010). In the other words, the progress was proved in improving health and education and raising income, which expand people’s social capital (power to select leaders, influence public decisions and share knowledge). But not in poverty and deprivation reduction to end the inequality and insecurity around the world. As much as the HDI has introduced new way of development thinking, it has also been faced with a number of criticisms (Sanusi, 2008). Unfortunately, over the years, the HDRs seem to have become stagnant, repeating the same rhetoric without necessarily increasing the HDI’s utility. Progress has varied, and increasing inequality has also seen among people in different countries, across regions, and especially rural areas both within and across countries. The HDI is a measure which reflects its aims imperfectly; and other important questions concerning human development are left out of the HDI altogether. Srinivasan (1994) summarizes the HDI critiques in five main categories: poor data, incorrect choice of indicators, various problems with the HDI’s formula in general, incorrect specification of income in particular, and redundancy. In fact, the authors have modified the index to address many of its sharpest criticisms, and thus the HDI has evolved over the seven issues of the Human Development Report. Plans that maximize the modified index directly trade-off the allocations to consumption, education and health against each other. This leads to plans that balance expenditures across the three components. Engineer et al (2008) consider net income, in education and health expenditure domain, as indicating capabilities not already reflected in the index and argue for a modified HDI that replaces the income component with a net income component; i.e. income that is net of expenditures on education and health. The multi-dimensional nature of poverty is being emphasized by many analysts and policy makers. Addressing these issues requires new tools. Hicks (1997) proposed a method of incorporating distributional inequalities of three measures of income, education and longevity into the HDI framework. He believed that Gi ni coefficients could potentially measure inequalities in human development (annual income, educational, and life-span attainment). A number of attempts have been made to adjust the raw measure of life expectancy to take into account quality of life and time spent in poor health. One concern is that while females generally live longer, their quality of life may be lower due to poorer health than men. The Global Burden of Disease project popularized one such measure, namely disability-adjusted life expectancy (Murray and Là ³pez 1996). The World Health Organization (WHO) measures healthy life expectancy (HALE) based on life expectancy at birth adjusted for time spent in poor health. Although, these new thinking approaches and thus the new measurement tools reinforce the continuing validity of the human development vision (HDR, 2010), the study of development in regional contexts, rural areas, bring a second debate on the fore, that focuses on the extent to which the definition and experience of development is culturally specific. And, are the standardised indicators appropriate applied devises for all regions? Even when progress in the HDI is experienced in the country level, this does not necessarily excel in the local and regional levels. In the other words, as averages can be misleading, it is possible to have an acceptable rate of progress in HDI and be unequal. These patterns pose important challenges for how to think about human development dimensions, its measurement and the policies to improve outcomes and processes over time especially in regional areas and among the mass development neglected target groups, rural women. Perhaps, the understanding, measurement, and improvement of human development especially in local level have been commonly expressed by the term quality of life (QOL) across multiple disciplines (including sociology, economics, psychology, environmental science, and medicine). The term QOL is a complex, multi-faceted concept (Farquhar, 1995; Carr et al., 2001; Holmes, 2005) which according to Costanza et al (2007) is generally meant to represent either how well human needs are met or the extent to which individuals or groups perceive satisfaction or dissatisfaction in various dimensions of their lives. Similarly, Calman as stated by Vyavaharkar et al (2012) defined QOL as a gap or difference between hopes and expectations of a person and the person’s present experiences at a given moment in time. The limited amount of research has focused on QOL in development studies. However, it seems that QOL in the rural setting according to Phillips (2006) is a multifaceted phenomenon determined by the cumulative and interactive impacts of numerous and varied factors (Zaid and Popoola, 2010) like housing conditions, services, infrastructure, access to various qualities and amenities, income, living standards, satisfaction about the physical and social environment (Phillip, 2006). An integrative definition of quality of life contains two sets of subjective (Carr et al., 2001; Holmes, 2005; Phillips, 2006; Costanza et al., 2007) and objective indicators (Phillips, 2006; Costanza, 2007). The subjective indicator focuses on respondents own assessments of pleasure as the basic building block of human satisfaction, happiness well-being or some near synonym of their lived experiences. However, so-called â€Å"objective† indicators of QOL on the other hand, focuses on indices and data that can be gathered without a subjective evaluation being made by the individual being assessed (economic production and security, health, food security, literacy rates, life expectancy, †¦) and may be used singly or in combination to form summary indexes, as in the UNs Human Development Index (Costanza et al., 2007). However, there are well-documented differences in subjective QOL between men and women, and in different localities as reflected in various researches. While discussing the definition of well-being, Arku et al (2008) emphasized that the indicators can differ between urban and rural residents within a country and similarly between men and women within the same society because of differences in needs, priorities (Chambers, 1997). Shek et al (2005) and Diener and Suh (2000) mention that the indicators are socially and locally constructed based on the cultural values of communities. Veenhoven (2005) also arguing for the need of incorporation of cultural-specific indicators in determining people’s quality-of-life. Similar results are found in the study of happiness. In a recent exploration of this theme, Camfield et al (2009) revealed that the definition and experience of happiness is culturally specific. To understand the position of Iranian rural women in the development debate, it is necessary to modify HDI and thus examine the status of women within household and community structures regarding indicators which were chosen to reflect the average quality of life (QOL) – defined as subjective social well-being, food security, social capital, education and training, income, and life expectancy. Women living in rural areas of Kohgilouyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Iran, are generally known to be suffering from general deprivation including access to and control over land and other productive resources, services and infrustructures, opportunities for employment and income-generating activities, and access to health care. This paper sets out to evaluate development status of rural women in Choram County, Kohgilouyeh and Boyer Ahmad province, South-Western Iran. It proposes ways in which the modified HDI can be improved to better reflect its conceptual intent. The scope of this essay then is not to nit-pick on the finer details of the proposed index, but rather to conceptualize a constructive discussion on how the modified proposed index can be improved to better fulfill its own goal of measuring human development in rural areas.

To Dream Out Loud :: College Admissions Essays

To Dream Out Loud    is it the fear for losing freedom, or is it that the unripe fruit of idealism we begin with has finally become ripe? because it seems that the youthful starry-eyed liberalism fades. our fruit becomes rotten, stinking of uncaring, self-serving, change-fearing conservatism. precariousness becomes anathema. some keep out the fear of losing comfort. I hope I do. Lou Reed, face wrinkle-worn, still not-sings about a poor boy in New York, still refers to the Statue of Bigotry. but my father tolerantly smiles as I dream out loud as I try to believe that there is good in most as I talk about trying to make things better. he's cynically calling himself conservative as he pretends to dislike feminism and truly believes that people should want to help others. that people should not have to. that most people do not want to. my father is good, and sturdy. generous. stoic. he believes that I will gain wisdom with age   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (I will) and that I will come to think liberalism is misguided and overly hopeful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (I hope I won't.) my father is not an artist. he is a lawyer. he still struggles to help people but he has stopped believing they'll be grateful. his fruit of idealism has become rotten. where are the Romantics? the Transcendentalists? they've just turned 19 and are going to a college I can't afford. hair, jeans, love, and hope all fade. I respect my father, and I respect Lou Reed. I respect the freedom-loving hopeful criticizing words of Bob Dylan. my father still respects those too. perhaps the hope doesn't die; perhaps it is cloaked in the fear of losing what you've already gained. precarious youthful hope feeds off the youthful need for freedom-

SWOT analysis of Samsung Mobile in China Essay

Strengths Weaknesses ï ¼  Six Sigma’s Quality Control ï ¼  Product Design of Fashion and Beauty ï ¼  Advanced Technology and Innovative Capability ï ¼  Peculiar Strategy to Attract Talent ï ¼  Excellent International Brand Image ï ¼ Operating strategy is conservative, and there is supplier shortage ï ¼ Low contribution rate to the low-end consumer market ï ¼ Rely heavily on Android System ,there is instability factor. Opportunities Threats ï ¼  With advancement of digital technology, there is enormous room for commercial development ï ¼  Huge Potential for Development of Smart-phone market ï ¼  Apple has become Samsung’s strong competitor at the high-end, popular mobile phone market ï ¼  In the mid-to-low price range market, there is Nokia Strengths: 1. The first of Samsung Mobile’s strengths lies in Six Sigma Production, Which is as follows: a. Emphasizing on utilizing grassroots and front line workers for quality control functions b. Emphasizing on strengthening the early stages of production management; Focus on stages of product design, production of samples and adjustment of product c. Paying attention to continuous and stable production of goods to ensure quality d. Using QCC methods to improve quality e. Utilizing quality control education for employees 2. The second strength is in Samsung’s product design that combines Personalized exterior with humanized design. Along with its innovative  features, Samsung’s sleek designs have made Samsung mobile devices a popular choice among the masses. Samsung’s tactic of making bigger screens for its smartphone devices, particularly the Galaxy Note series, has been a big part of its success in differentiating the brand from its competitors. The big screams have become trendy and appealing. 3. Samsung’s lead in technology and innovation comprise its third strength a. Leading the digital fusion revolution – Digital Company b. Subsidizing mobile operating platforms, self-application (AP) processors, and screens 4. Samsung’s fourth strength lies in its strategy to attract the world’s best talent. a. Attracting genius talents through unique talents b. Making public service activities required courses for staff c. Implementing career training for employees d. Using four principles to determine salary – importance of job post, social identity, comparison to original salary, and creation of value 5. Samsung’s fifth strength lies in its brand image. Samsung is named as top rising brand by Inter brand and is the 9th most valuable brand with value nearly $33 billion. It has risen by 40% from 2011 to 2012. Samsung has been able to transform its brand image from a â€Å"value for money† brand to an innovative leader that â€Å"cares for everybody.† Samsung has tried its best to build a contrast between its biggest competitors Apple as a â€Å"self-centered brand† versus itself, a brand that cares for everybody. For example, a recent ad for the Samsung Galaxy S3 shows images of married couples and families with kids, in an attempt to attract a broader audience with slogans like â€Å"designed for humans, inspired by nature.† Weaknesses: 1. The first weakness lies in Samsung’s operating strategy. Samsung does not want to establish business relationships with many suppliers, and this is one of the reasons why Samsung’s development is restricted. Even though Samsung defends this by saying that it is better able to protect its intellectual properties this way, in current time’s environment with fierce  competition, companies with more suppliers are more competitive. Thus, Samsung needs to be more flexible in the company’s operating strategies. 2. Another of Samsung’s weaknesses also lies in not targeting low-end consumer market. Samsung focus on product fashion, so the price is relatively high. And Working in the WiBro (Wireless Broadband access service) and DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) market, but return on investment cycle is long. 3. Samsung’s reliance on the Android operating system (OS) is another weakness. Android phones are extremely customizable and they give you the freedom to experiment to your heart’s desire. One inevitable side effect of this freedom, however, is that sometimes your phone encounters a problem or two. Maybe it won’t boot or maybe it randomly shuts down. Maybe you lost a critical file and now some features won’t work. Opportunities: 1. The first opportunity is that with advancement of digital technology, there is enormous room for commercial development. a. In the digital age – the age of electronic information – there are two major stars: mobile phones and the Internet b. With the advent of the digital age, consumers desire high quality of mobile phone products c. Chinese communication consumers develops rapidly 2. Samsung also has an opportunity in the smart phone market’s development potential. a. The release of Apple iPhones began the wave of smart-phones b. In the mobile Internet age, every large mobile phone manufacturer and operator has promoted and popularized mid-to-low price range smart-phones. China is leading the arrival of the era of smartphone evaluation. Threats: 1. The first threat to Samsung is ï ¼  Apple has become Samsung’s strong competitor at the high-end, popular mobile phone market Apple’s cell phone has a high-end and popular image, and shares high similarity with Samsung. Thus, more than the mid and low-end markets, Samsung experiences a greater  impact from Apple’s competition at the high-end market. Considering mobile phone products of different smart-phone price ranges, Apple attracts greater user interest and has more product competitiveness than Samsung, despite the larger numbers of Samsung mobile phones on the market. This is related to Apple’s unprecedented brand appeal and affiliated operator support force. 2. The second threat to Samsung is ï ¼ In the mid-to-low price range market, there is Nokia a. According to statistics, Nokia had attracted a larger amount of user interest than Samsung at the mid-to-low end mobile phone market, in both the overall and smart-phone market. b. Nokia’s mobile phone market share relies mostly relies on the mid/low-end mobile products. In the past two years, with Nokia’s decline on the mobile phone, particularly high-end smart-phone market. c. The mid/low-end market has become the last sector of the market where Nokia has a lead. Nokia naturally will not ignore this.

Jasmine homework

Individual Acting out with different comedic masks Individual acting out with different comedic masks: In this activity we were required to choose a mask from comedic theatre that ‘spoke to us', and with this mask we must act out the character we believe the mask portrays and communicate it through the questions the teacher asks us. I personally found it hard to let the mask choose me, but I eventually chose one mask that struck me.The ask looked very dopey and stupid in a sense because of the visual characteristics on his face like a large confronting nose, circle shaped face and small eyes. I took the role as a lonely young boy who is over excited by the overload in human interaction. With the questions that were asked like â€Å"how are you? â€Å"Are you excited? † I involved the audience and expressed my enthusiasm by using a deep voice, wonky laugh and a heavy walk. I definitely enjoyed this opportunity especially when I realized the way this I took on the charact er was very similar to the intentions of the real character.I pop to get the chance to complete this activity again with a new mask and see how my perspective of it compares to the main perspective. ‘ Tuesday 3rd June: Continued Individual Acting with comedic masks Wednesday 1 lath June: ABSENT – LEFT SCHOOL EARLY Wednesday 18th June: Warm Up: Being a restoration character Activity: Prime Minister's Dinner and feedback Being a Restoration Character: In this warm up we were required to play a character from the restoration period.We had to be emotionally invested in the character in order to influence the audience by our emotions. We were asked to play a character eke ‘a person late for work and gradually we were asked to increase the energy of our character if it means running faster or using our actions more vigorously. I particularly enjoyed this warm up because it helped me to understand the energy the restoration actors had to put in their performance and what they considered to be theatre suitable for the audience at the time.I hope to warm up to this activity again so I can further improve my energy towards playing characters and emotions in Restoration theatre. Prime Minister's Dinner and feedback In this activity the whole class was required to play an emotion and be involved in a ousted by the Prime Minister where they would showcase their emotion and make it evident to the audience. Each student was given an emotion (e. G. – gossipy, horny, rude etc. ) and had to perform their role as they arrived at the dinner.I was fortunate enough to be the Prime Minister's wife and my character was to spread rumors about the other guests. I definitely struggled with this task because it was very difficult to perform and be heard when the whole class was trying to achieve the same thing. After our performance Ms Weed agreed that we needed a system to aka sure we weren't talking over one another. To improve this problem we made a circle in the middle of the drama space so the only people who should be talking are the ones in the circle while the other students are merely miming.Ms also said that we were lacking energy with our characters and it was then it occurred to me how much more energy I would have to put into the performance even though I thought the energy I had put in initially was enough. I definitely enjoyed this activity and hope to do this again and further improve my skills with working as a class and my energy bevel when characterizing emotion in a restoration character.Monday 23rd June: ABSENT – SICK Term 3- Monday 14th July – Theory work Activities: 4 vowels exercise – Clouds, Jungle, butter/tar and balloons Meditation 4 humors The Four Humors in Renaissance and Elizabethan time By this time the humors had become standardized as follows Body Humor Body substance produced by Element Qualities Complexion and Body type Personality Sanguine blood liver air hot and moist red-cheeked, corpulent amorous, happy, generous, optimistic, irresponsible Choleric yellow bile spleen fire hot and dry deed-haired, thin violent, vengeful, short-tempered, ambitious Phlegmatic phlegm lungs water cold and moist corpulent Sluggish, pallid, cowardly Melancholic black bile gall bladder earth cold and dry sallow, thin Introspective, sentimental, gluttonous Note: â€Å"lazy† is sometimes attributed to Phlegmatic [ref The Four Humors] and sometimes to Melancholies [ref The Four Humors] 4 vowels exercise – Clouds, Jungle, butter/tar and balloons In this exercise we were required to rotate around the classroom in a clockwise direction and act out different environments with each quarter we fall under.The four quarters were clouds, Jungle, butter/tar and balloon and we had to have enough energy to mime the actions that would be conducted in this environment. As we rotated around the environments I particularly enjoyed performing in the Jungle environment and when the teache r asked for students to move into the quarter they liked performing the most I was the only one in the class to move into the Jungle environment and that particularly surprised me personally. I hope to complete the activity again to further improve my skills on miming an environment and using my body to display the emotions presented. Body Meditation In this activity the class conducted a body meditation to help us with connecting shapes with colors.I the meditation the class was to lie down on the drama space floor and as the lights were turned off we would listen to M's voice as she described colors and shapes while we had to focus on the shape/color to find what matched to it. In my experience with this activity I noticed that the circle shapes mostly lead to deep purples and blues whereas the sharp edged shapes were mostly reds and oranges. I really enjoyed this activity because I found it very relaxing and a good way o wind down after an active activity previously. I also enjoy ed it because it helped me gain more understanding of Shakespearean work with color and emotions and the way his characters are able to visually perform that. I hope to complete this relaxing activity again to further development my understanding and connection of emotions and how I present them.Wednesday 16th July – Activity: Watched Year 12 HOC practice Trials (Gave feedback for performance) – Late to class Mediation and Exploration with sounds: In this activity we explored Shakespearean interpretation of how sounds can effect and impact emotion as well as shapes and lour. We started by lying on the drama space floor and turning the lights off- after that Ms Weed began to teach us how to explore different sounds and vowels such as ‘O'. Personally when I expressed this sound I saw a deep purple/blue and an Oval like shape. This was defiantly contrasted when we had to sound out ‘D', because this gave a hard sound I saw a dark green color and a square shape. Doing this exercise made me realizes not only how deep and contextually detailed Shakespearean teachings and works are but it also help me understand it better as I personally struggle grasping Shakespearean concept.I hope to complete this relaxing exercise again to further understand and develop my understanding of Shakespeare and his works. Tuesday 22nd July – Role Scoring Questions- Viola (Twelfth Night) 1 . How does the title of the play relate to your character? Twelfth Night† is usually considered to be a reference to Epiphany, or the twelfth night of the Christmas celebration Unary 6). In Shakespearean day, this holiday was celebrated as a festival in which everything was turned upside down. This is much like the upside-down, chaotic world of Lariat in the play where Viola causes a love arrange to occur. 2. What is your character's main sense of urgency? What strong impulse motivates your character to act? My character, Viola has a strong sense of urgency.After the recent loss of her brother Viola has a missing male piece in her life and as she desperately searches for a replacement to this manly figure she will go to any extreme to achieve that. 3. If your character has a secret, what is it? My character holds a large secret that creates the main basis of the plot and storyline in the play. Her secret is that in the play she pretends to be a male to be closer to her rue love' Duke Rosin who has a much higher status than her and is in love with Olivia 4. What rhythm might you associate with your character? I associate my character to have a smooth, calm and steady rhythm because I see her as someone who is calm under pressure and aware of her intentions and steady of her priorities. 5. What sound might you associate with your character?I find my character to associate with a deep, calm sound because of the personality and her ability to play 2 different characters and attempt to keep her sense of identity at the same time. 6. What is your character's master gesture? My characters master gestures towards the characters in the play is the fact that she caused such complications and a sense of confusion between the characters that it becomes evident that the biggest gesture Viola did was to give up her lifestyle and everything she knew to hide her identity and change herself for one man. 7. What is your character's leading centre? (The head? The heart? The stomach? Something else? My characters leading centre would definitely be the heart, because not only to herself but also to the audience it's the only thing that remains consistent tit the character because almost every aspect of her is hidden except her intentions and her heart. 8. What colors might you associate with your character? Why? I associate the character Viola with a deep purple/blue color. This is not only because that certain color resembles both genders but also because that color is relaxing and calm and easy to associate with. 9. What object might you associate with your character? Why? I associate a map with my character because I believe that the intentions the character is very clear and the route and road to achieve those intentions are also very clear.And although the route to complete this goal is steep Viola is still willing to follow herself/the map to reach her destination of true love. 10. What animal might you associate with your character? Why? I associate my character with a spider, because although they are small and may seem insignificant there intentions are clear and they are a prime predator in the insect family. 1 1 . What are your character's two primary senses? My characters two primary senses would be their voice and their ability to view problems and complications. 12. Does your character â€Å"mask†, or cover up, feelings and behaviors? If so, what does your character mask? My character covers up her feelings and her physical features.She does this because her feelings that she has about Duke Rosin seem impossible to admit and confront about and to achieve this, she hides her female features to look like a man. 13. Does your character have a sense of humors? Is this sense of Humor used in a positive or negative way? My characters sense of humor is reflected primarily on dramatic irony- the scenes and problems that occur to my character hidden as a man are humorous because the actions are conducted as a female and because the audience only knows about it they become more emotionally invested in the character and are more compassionate towards the situation making it more funny. 14. In real life, would you be your character's friend? Why or why not?Yes, I would definitely be my characters friend in real life because I am inspired by her courage and bilabial u to be strong and stick up for her dreams, beliefs and aspirations even after she suffered a server tremor of the loss of her brother. She shows commitment and proves that she will go to any extent to conquer her dreams and I would love to round myself with that positive and inspiring influence. 15. What is your character's most positive trait? My characters most positive trait is her persistence and courage to take risks to reach her goals. Hiding her identity to be with the man she loves could've lead to disastrous consequences, she not only would have suffered shame if her body was compromised but also the duke may not see it from Violas perspective and send her to Jail. 16. What is your character's status in the world? Does your character have money or power?My character has a low status in the world, this is the reason she goes to such extreme measures to be with Duke Rosin – because they both come from different walks of life and it is highly unlikely that the Duke will see Viola for who she truly is without being blinded by the hierarchy put out in society. 17. What are your character's major wants and desires? My characters major wants and desires are to be with her true love Duke Rosin . The complications arise because the Duke is in love with Olivia who is a high status, rich lady. Viola will do anything to be with the Duke even if it is to become his servant and send messages to the one he loves without ever realizing her feelings for him. 8. What is your character's major objective for this scene in the play in which he or she appears?In the scene, the characters major objective is to analyses the problems she has caused and try to think of a solution where she is left with the Duke. It is also in this scene when she realizes how out of hand the problem has become and that its too hard a knot for me to untie'. 19. How does your character go about achieving these major objectives? My character attempts to achieve these major goals by disguising herself as a boy and gets a Job to work for Duke Rosin. She feels the need to hide who she is to achieve her goals. 20. What is your character's life objective? My characters life objective is to gain the love and affecti on of Duke Rosin.After losing her brother Viola missed a manly influence in her life and longed to fill that hole with Duke Rosin to whom she had always been in love with and had chosen to pursue her dream to be with him. 21 . How does your character go about achieving his or her life objective? My character achieves her objective by pretending she is a male so she can work for the Duke and be closer to him and one step closer to his love. 2. Has your character changed by the end of the play. If so, in what ways? No, my character hasn't changed – in the end her intentions and goals were achieved when the Duke saw her for whom she truly was and accepted her as that, as well as the return of her brother whom she thought was lost.FEATURES OF ELIZABETHAN THEATRE: Dramatically exciting Exploring humanity on a social / personal level (Renaissance) Poetic language Words were most important Rhythmic/ poetic dialogue Symbolic imagery Elevated tone of speaking/ voice Use of Aside (whis pering to the audience) and Soliloquy (solo Speech, as though aligning/ thinking to yourself) Wednesday 23rd July: ABSENT Assessment review and recount: (27th August 2014) In term 3 our assigned assessment task was to create and present a performance essay based on the question ‘How is a historical style relevant to drama today I believe although this was a suitable question I personally struggled immensely with the performance and given the circumstances our group suffered I believe our performance doesn't reflect our individual abilities. When we received the question our main idea was to write about how Shakespeare ND Restoration theatre were both connected with each other and how they have influence drama and theatre in our modern society.But our main challenge was converting our ideas to a suitable performance that will not only appropriately answer the question but also to keep the audience entertained. It was also particularly challenging for our group because we had He ather absent for all of the lessons we had to work on the assessment – Heather played a prominent role in the script and I particularly struggled to change the lines and blocking with one less group member. After the script was complete I was definitely challenged by coming up with the blocking of the performance as I personally felt that our grouped lacked teamwork in presenting ideas and equally helping with the work load as well as committing to rehearsals.It was challenging also to reach the standards that I know the group can achieve without the commitment and determination to learn lines and blocking before the deadline from every member. After our group seemed prepared for the performance we were notified that Heather's lines and blocking must be included in the performance even if she was absent on the presentation day. This meant that we had to redelivers the script again as well as change the blocking to fit in another member. I definitely found this to be very conf using on our group as we were all confused about the lines and queues we were learning as it was constantly being changed. But luckily we received an extension on our assessment that definitely improved the group's confidence in performing the piece without using the script.I hope that in our upcoming performance we will be able to reflect to the audience the hard work that was put into the performance essay despite the complications hat occurred. In my opinion writing and performing the essay has been the most challenging drama assessment yet and I hope the next assessment will bring better luck and circumstances. In the future I hope to be more organized with the amount of work each person gets so that every member of the group will equally work on the assessment and one member wont be overloaded. I also now understand how much of a difference lack of energy can make to a performance and I hope that I have developed on these skills in not only increase the energy that I have but a lso my teammates which will evidently engage the audience better.