Saturday, May 23, 2020

Romanticism in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William...

Romanticism in William Blakes Poem William Blake was a poet, painter, and a printmaker all during the period in literature known as the Romantic time period. The Romantic time period, also known in Literature as Romanticism began in Europe, mainly France and Britain around the 1800s (Barker) and it was first defined as a tool to in literature and literary criticisms (Galitz). The Romantic period did not just focus on literature, but also on the subjects of art and knowledge which was fueled by the French Revolution and was also a reaction to the scientific rationalism and classicism of the Age of Enlightenment (Foundations of Romanticism). Romanticism emerged also as a response to the disillusionment with the Enlightenment values†¦show more content†¦The theme of imagination was a critical authority in the Romantic time period as well (Characteristics of Romanticism). William Blake uses aspects of Romanticism in his poem The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, by including themes s uch as the supernatural, love of nature, and lastly, imagination. In the poem The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William Blake, one of his most prominent and obvious themes of Romanticism is that of the supernatural. The word supernatural means attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding of the laws of nature (Merriam-Webster). The Marriage of Heaven and Hell was Blakes way of taking his emotions and painting us a picture but in a way that was made up, or imaginative. (Cuddon, Morner and Rausch). In Blakes poem The Marriage of Heaven and Hell there are examples of the supernatural theme present because of how he is comparing and contrasting both heaven and hell. Blake makes the Devil and evil seem very real in a very gothic and gory way, but he also does not fail to mention the importance of good in relation to God, also Blake mentions Angels in his poem too. Throughout the poem, there is a never-ending battle between dualism because Blake says that without good or evil , we are nothing. (Reflections on Great Literature). Having to do with the good and the bad, Romantics believed that humans were already naturally good (Characteristics of Romanticism). Blake assures that withoutShow MoreRelatedThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesThe Marriage of Heaven Hell William Blake The Romantic Period We, as members of the human race, have been endowed with five senses. We have the ability to reason and to be reasonable. We are able to present, receive, and mentally process information logically. The period in history when the importance of these innate functions was stressed is known as the Age of Reason, or the Enlightenment. Also important to this age was the use of science, scientific methods, and theories. This periodRead MoreRomanticism1649 Words   |  7 PagesRomanticism in the Nineteenth Century The Romantic period followed the era of logical, philosophical, and social movement in the 17th to 18th century. However, as the 19th century began, Romanticism came into the light with a new perspective that intrigued the people. It stressed emphasis on emotions and imagination while also helping to realize the importance of self-expression. The American Romanticism movement illustrated inspiration, bias and predominance of individuals in the nineteenth centuryRead MoreWilliam Blake, the Most Romantic of Them All Essay474 Words   |  2 PagesTo truly understand William Blake, there must be at least moderate explanation of the time in which he wrote. Blake was a literary figure at the turn of the 18th century, a very early Romantic, but most defiantly a Romantic. All of the common themes, visionary, fantastic images, emphasis on the individual self, the common man, the notion of the sublime( a thrilling emotional experience that combines awe, magnificence and horror), Pantheism . All these decidedly Romantic ideas are prevalentRead MoreThe Romantic Era: The Pain of Composition Romanticism allowed poets to have the world at their900 Words   |  4 PagesRomantic Era: The Pain of Composition Romanticism allowed poets to have the world at their fingertips. In the course of the American and French Revolutions, political, social, and economic traditions were being shaken. No longer were they bound to what was thought of as appropriate topics for writing. These poets were allowed to use firsthand experience to guide their creativity. Romantics created their poetry by using their own heartfelt emotions. William Blake, I believe, was a visionary with moreRead MoreThe Romantic Imagination in Action3457 Words   |  14 Pagesraised such interest, and theory in the understanding of the imagination. As stated earlier, the concept of imagination has been a topic of discussion, throughout history and has certainly had a distinctive and pivotal place among the Romantics. Romanticism which originated in Western Europe during the 18th and early 19th centuries, was an intellectual movement which followed the Enlightenment. This period emphasized the self, creativity, imagination and the value of art. It was a movement that stronglyRead MoreEssay on Common Issues in Romanticism1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe key figures in Romanticism addressed many of the same issues. Such connectivity is marked in William Blake’s poems â€Å"Infant Sorrow† and â€Å"On Another’s Sorrow†, and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Shelley, like Blake, argues for continual development of innocence to experience, and through the character of Victor Frankenstein’s creation, Mary Shelley suggests the equilibrium of innocence and experience offers insight into the human condition. The shift is distinguished by what Blake states in plate 3Read MoreWhat Are the Salient Features of Blake’s Poetry?843 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the sali ent features of Blake’s poetry? Of all the romantic poets of the eighteenth century, William Blake (1757-1827) is the most independent and the most original. In his earliest work, written when he was scarcely more than a child, he seems to go back to the Elizabethan song writers for his models; but for the greater part of his life he was the poet of inspiration alone, following no man’s lead, and obeying no voice but that which he heard in his own mystic soul. Though the mostRead MoreLiterature : Demonstrating Individual, Ideologies, While Challenging The Dominant Ideology2168 Words   |  9 Pagesof the forms. Luckily, Eagleton tells us that â€Å"most typically in Romanticism, the spiritual absorbs the sensual, content over form,† so the period of Romanticism can provide great examples for this Marxist discussion (Eagleton 10). The Romanticists, William Blake and William Wordsworth are rather adequate representatives, for the former looks forward to a bright future with an irregular form of speech in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, whereas the later nostalgically seeks for â€Å"spots of time† in theRead MoreEssay about The Representation of the Female in William Blake1921 Words   |  8 PagesRepresentation of the Female in William Blake If William Blake was, as Northrop Frye described him in his prominent book Fearful Symmetry, a mystic enraptured with incommunicable visions, standing apart, a lonely and isolated figure, out of touch with his own age and without influence on the following one (3), time has proved to be the visionarys most celebrated ally, making him one of the most frequently written about poets of the English language. William Blake has become, in a sense,Read MoreAmerican War Of Independence And The French Revolution Essay1755 Words   |  8 Pages Romanticism as a movement is as rebellious as its content. Lynch and Stillinger attempt to define it historically rather than continuously, naming it the â€Å"shortest †¦ period in British literary history† (3). They place it within the timespan of 1785 to 1832, beginning between the American War of Independence and the French Revolution and ending with the passage of the Reform Act in British Parliament. In this time of reflection and change, authors re-examined the previously discarded medieval romances

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

A Research Lab On The Workplace - 1617 Words

In the workplace, many people will come into contact with clients, colleagues, supervisors, managers, and even board members. These individuals each play a crucial role in order for an organization to succeed. Therefore, it is vital that this large network of people is able to work well together in teams and groups. However, there will be complications and problems when working in groups. A common problem that typically arises in the workplace is the perceived lack of commitment and motivation, resulting in the lack of productivity when conducting group work. From my personal experience, I used to work for a research lab that required to me to work on several experiments and projects with a group of colleagues. My group was responsible for conducting multiple experiments, analyzing the data and publishing results in scientific journals and presentations. However, the group I was placed in lacked leadership with low person orientation and low task orientation. Because there was a lack of leadership, communication was little to nonexistent within the group so groups felt as if they were just independent work alone. Also, there was lack of affective and continuance commitment within the group since my colleagues and I lost purpose of what goals we were working towards in the lab. Therefore, lack of motivation and commitment was prevalent as group members, including myself, did not complete experiments in time and did not have much of a focus of why we were in the research labShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Occupational Health And Safety At The Workplace1384 Words   |  6 Pagesassuring the safety and welfare of their employees. The purpose of my research paper is to emphasize on the importance of Occupational Health and Safety at the workplace. About 4/5th of the employed workforce considers health and safety as the number one priority related to their job when compared to wages, sick leaves and other benefits. I will use my internship experience at Halliburton this past summer to lay the foundation of my research paper. Halliburton, being an oilfield services company, has tremendousRead MoreSummary Of Smart Textile Applications Within The Medical Field1182 Words   |  5 Pages Smart Textile Applications within the Medical Field Keanna Rutledge Delaware State University Research has proven that the clothes one wears can affect the person’s mental and physical performance (Michalak KruciÅ„ska, 2017). Moreover, it is posited that there is something biological that happens when one puts on a snazzy outfit and feel like he or she is a new person. The act of wearing formal business attire is proven to increase the abstract thinking of an individual. BesidesRead MoreEmployee Drug Testing: Fair and Effective Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica, billions of taxpayer dollars are spent to pay for the unnecessary expenses caused by drug-impaired employees. Workers whose performances are negatively altered by drug use contribute to losses in business productivity and assist in lowering workplace safety. On average, according to the Community Anti-Drug Coalitions of America (CADCA), $100 billion is lost per year due to accidents, decreases in productivity, and other related expenses caused by incompetent, drug abusing employees (â€Å"Coaliti ons†)Read MoreRisk and Benefits Assessment1411 Words   |  6 Pagesvariety of techniques intended to reduce the cost of providing health benefits and improve the quality of care. The clinical research market is a very vast and ever changing market. There are continuous evolutions taking place and there are always new products coming into market everyday. Though it takes many years for a drug to come into market there is a continuous research going on. There are advancements taking place continuously in this industry, which is not possible without the main playersRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Clothing Has On An Individual1610 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol our success rate in life and in the workforce. A person that is dressed professional in our society is viewed as a prominent member of our society. This same person is taken seriously in his or her profession when dress appropriately. My research project will go into depth discussing the psychological effects clothing has on an individual from establishing boundaries in the workforce, enhancing cognitive skill, and influencing personal identity. Business attire in the workforce builds aRead MoreMotivation Research : Curiosity And Career Related962 Words   |  4 PagesPaper 1 My motivation to do research is both curiosity and career related. I like the idea of living life by asking questions and figuring out why things work the way they do. I feel like it is more beneficial to me to ask clarifying and probing questions; to be content with the state of a problem is to stop looking for more. In a career setting, I recognize the importance of research to a psychology graduate program. Graduate school is centered around a large-scale research project. The ability to effectivelyRead MoreScience As A Nano Scientist1427 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribed as a convergence of physics, chemistry, materials science and biology, which deals with the manipulation and characterization of matter on length scales between the molecular and the micron-size. Nano scientists are expected to perform research related to formations at the atomic and subatomic levels. In addition, they must have excellent hand eye coordination as well as persistence and patience. Above all, the rea der must first decide if this seems like a career for them. CoincidentallyRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Clothing Has On An Individual1614 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol our success rate in life and in the workforce. A person that is dressed professionally in our society is viewed as a prominent member of our society. This same person is taken seriously in his or her profession when dress appropriately. My research project will go into depth discussing the psychological effects clothing has on an individual from establishing boundaries in the workforce, enhancing cognitive skill, and influencing personal identity. Business attire in the workforce builds aRead MoreThe Effects Of Occupational Safety And Dictate Human Performance Within A Work Environment1246 Words   |  5 Pagespush for more, the curiosity for research that tremors off my bones, and the substantial amount of research experience that I have acquired thus far, will give me the appropriate qualifications to flourish through graduate school and become a top Ph.D. level researcher. One of the best decisions I made was applying for the Undergraduate Research Assistant Program at Old Dominion University. As a Research Assistant in Dr. Xiaoxiao Hu’s Affect and Relational Dynamics Lab, I enriched myself with continuouslyRead MoreSexism As A Scientist Or Engineer886 Words   |  4 Pagesthe lab. In the past of my experiences with my brother, I went to visit his college called California State University, Fresno or Fresno State for short. I used my experience in this essay because it is related to my job position and the case that I will explain henceforth in this essay. I entered Fresno State to explore several buildings on campus. The first building I went into is College of Science and Mathematics. As you see, I love to learn about microorganisms, so I went to see the lab. As

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense Free Essays

Thomas Paine is one of the important founding fathers of America who with his powerful language won over the hearts of the Americans. Thus he united America to rebel against the greatest super power in the world at the time – England. Thomas Paine came to America from Britain at just the right time because he would see the condition of America and with the power of his words he would subdue the public in believing in his cause. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Paine’s Common Sense or any similar topic only for you Order Now He used propaganda to make the people see the horrors England was opposing on the Americans.He tamed the public into believing him with one of the most famous work of the Age of Reason era Common Sense. People were won to the necessity for common sense that argued for separation. The realization that this was necessary to improve the life of the lower class. Thomas Paine, when he called for separation said â€Å" Everything that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, ’tis time to part†( Paine, Common Sense). In pennsylvania the common people seized control of the government, while greatly increasing their strength in the assemblies.These assemblies began telling their delegates in Congress to declare independence. Paine was a Deist who believed in God as a benevolent Creator who allowed the universe to operate by natural law. Paine argued that the New World was discovered shortly before the Reformation and the Puritans had believed that God wanted to give them a safe haven from the religious persecution they faced in Britain. Deism was not popular until the Revolution when Paine said it was natural to throw off the rule of King George III, and declare their independence.Paine appeals to the public with his vast knowledge in Common Sense. In his pamphlet he emphasizes many points. First, Paine felt is was wrong for an island to rule a continent. He said America was not a â€Å"British nation† as it was composed of influences and peoples from all of Europe. Paine was a master mind who knew how to pull the strings when he says, Even if Britain was the â€Å"mother country† of America, Paine thought that made the actions of the British government against the colonists all the more wrong as no mother would harm her children in the way Britain was harming America.He made the Americans emotional because the were tired of getting taxed heavily from Britain. He said Britain ruled the colonies for its own benefit, and did not consider the best interests of the colonists. This was because the taxes were increasing without the consent of America and the public was fed up with it. Thomas Paine was so well received in America was because not only did he talk but he also proved it by his actions. Paine joined the revolutionary forces convinced that â€Å" those who expect to reap the blessings of freedom must†¦ undergo the fatigue of supporting it† ( Paine 67).He would rally the troops and George Washington even had some of his quotes read to all the soldiers. One of his most famous quotes was â€Å"These are the times that try men’s souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of his country, but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny†¦ is not easily conquered, yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. † ( Paine, The crises).This shows People that fight our wars over the years have suffered during battle and then suffer it over and over again throughout their lives. The longer you are in battle the more difficult it becomes to fight. That is why now they rotate troops so that one person isn’t in the thick of it for a very long time. A summer soldier would be a person that has fought but for a short time(a summertime) and is ready to quit and a sunshine patriot is a person that is patriotic only when times are good(the sunshine is out).Paine says these are times that try men’s souls. So it is a very hard time and he says that those that stay and fight deserves the thanks of every person they are fighting for. Paine says tyranny is not easily conquered so they fight the good fight to rid the colonists from the tyranny of England. And the consolation or comfort one should get from the how hard the conflict is that the harder it is the better the victory will be. . . freedom will be glorious. Paine was a liberal and believed that the government which governs less is the best form of government.Paine summarized in common sense that the distance between the two nations made governing the colonies from London unworkable. Paine observed that if some wrong were to be petitioned in Parliament, it would take a year before the colonies received a response. This would not work and America would need to set up its own government to earn itself an identity. Paine believed in a government who would interfere as less as possible and let nature run its course. All in all the Pamphlet written by Paine had an enormous impact on entire America. The things he stated in his pamphlet were reasonable and that got thorough the people.It made people become conscious that America has to be free from the shackles of British Empire and gain respect around the world—an identity of it’s own. Paine gives the text an emotional tone alongside numerous logical reasons and narrations the people of America would never forget. The best part of the text was the use of familiar language comprehended by everyone, which helped his work spread around the colonies far away. The straightforward style and tone used by Paine made his pamphlet one of the finest written pamphlets in the world. It is justified in being named â€Å"Common Sense†. How to cite Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, Papers

Friday, May 1, 2020

Case Study †Starbucks - Business Improvement Portfolio

Question: Describe about business improvement portfolio - a case of starbucks? Answer: Introduction Starbucks Coffee is the leading American beverage supplier originally based in Seattle, USA. It is ranked as the largest coffee supplier specializing in supplying fine quality coffee in an economically sustainable environment. Starbucks dominates the industry with a market share of around 36.7% followed by Dunkin Brands Inc with around 24.6% market share and 38.7% occupied by other brands together like Costa Coffee, Tim Hortons and McDonalds. According to Biviji (2010) a particular organization adopts business improvement initiatives in order to increase the productivity in a cost effective manner. According to the British Quality Foundation, the most effective approaches that the organizations adopt are Lean six- sigma, business process reengineering and Benchmarking. From 2001 to 2008, Starbucks experienced a slowdown in the sales rate, a decline in the customer loyalty levels and customer footfalls and problems related to overstocking of products. To improve the conditions, to manage inventory costs and to devise customer-focused strategies, Starbucks decided to adopt lean six-sigma model within their working procedure. The management at Starbucks focused on the fact that use of lean six-sigma will effectively help Starbucks to create a customer service consistency and help increasing the brand value of the products (Kalnins and Stroock, 2011). Theory analysis According to Caudwell (2011) Lean six-sigma is a collaborative model used by the organizations to improve performance by removal of unnecessary human wastes, reduce unnecessary time limits and control the resources flow. Augusto Cauchick Miguel and Marcos Andrietta (2010) suggested that adoption of lean technologies enables the organization in creation of high quality, defect free, and value added and cost effective products. Lean techniques are generally used by the automotive industries like Toyota for production of 100% error free products. The concept of Sis Sigma was developed by Motorola in 1986 to structure a highly disciplined program that will effectively deliver a perfect product. The six-sigma process is based on the following principles Continuous focus on the critical and quality requirements of Customers and stakeholders Understanding of the process requirements that will be able to deliver critical and quality requirements to the customers Extensive use of facts and statistical data to understand the problems Developing a flexible and detailed process Focus on continuous improvement of the process in a systematic way Figure1: Lean Six-sigma Process (Source: Zhang, 2011, pp105) The method is adopted by around 600 organizations all around the world. Brati (2011) suggested that following are the major benefits that provoke the organizations to adopt lean six- sigma. Reduction of defects: The use of lean six-sigma approach has helped the organizations to produce defect free products. For instance, Motorola in its six-sigma initiative have successfully reduced production defects by over 300 fold that has helped the company to save up to $11 billion as manufacturing costs (Clarkson and Eckert, 2005). Reduction of process time: Lean six-sigma aims to manage the time wastage in the production process for successfully reducing the lead-time. For instance, LG electronics a UK based company used lean six-sigma process in effectively reducing the lead-time from initial 56 days to 41 days. Further, the company improved the inventory control process by reducing inbound led time from 8 to 5 days. This helped LG to save interest charges and freights charges (Antony, 2007). Effective employee development: The process involves the employees in the improvement process that makes the employees responsible and accountable thereby building a sense of trust and transparency within the organization. With the help of six-sigma approach the project managers at Microsoft were able to attain six-sigma green belt certification which stated that the mangers at Microsoft were ready to face any challenging situation (Adebanjo, and Mann, 2008). Reduction in costs: Hu and Tian (2011) opined that reduction of lead time and reduction of waste in respect of human labor and production materials contributes to the cost savings of the organizations. The following table shows the annual savings that different companies have been able to make by using lean six-sigma. Name of the company Annual savings (approximate figures) General electric $ 2 billion JP Morgan Chase $ 1.5 billion Honeywell $ 650 million Texas Instruments $ 590 million Johnson and Johnson $ 500 million Improvement in customer value: The use of lean six-sigma by the automotive industries have helped the companies like Toyota, General Motors etc to successfully produce vehicles in accordance to the critical requirements of the customers, reduction of manufacturing defects at each stage of production and improving the safety factors within the finished vehicles (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra, 2010). However apart from the following benefits, the process also encounters certain controversies that may contribute to the negative aspects of the process. Difficulty in implementation: Chua and Banerjee (2013) suggested that the mere concept of application of six-sigma in controlling all departments within an organization is a complex process hence large organizations like Tesco find it difficult to effectively manage all the divisions with the help of six-sigma strategies. Home Depot, a retail company, noticed negative atmosphere affecting the employee morale and customer sentiment due to stringent application of six-sigma in all departments. Although the implementation made the company profitable, however the company noticed reduction in the stock price (Basu, 2004). Financial constraint: The organization implementing six-sigma requires employees who are effectively trained from certified six sigma institutes. Hence, small or medium sized organizations are incapable of implementing six -sigma due to high employee cost. Not suitable for all companies: The application of lean six-sigma should be made based on the type of industry in which the company is operating. A drastic failure was noticed in 3M after the introduction of lean six-sigma (Dahm, 2011). Before the introduction of the process, the employees at 3M were given the opportunity to use 15% of the total working hour as personal research hours. This strategy was adopted to allow generation of innovative ideas among the employees that contributed in the productivity of the company. However, the introduction of rigid total quality management process created a stiff situation that restricted the growth of creative ideas within the organization (Vemic- Djurkovic and Maric, 2010). Case application Initial investments of Starbucks concerned investment in store infrastructure and launching of new products. According to Forbes analysis these investments and fast shop openings contributed to the superficial growth of Starbucks. The company however did not pay attention to the customer initiatives and maintenance of inventory and operating costs. Following are the major issues that the management at Starbucks required to solve in order to gain back the loyalty and save costs (Lagrosen, Chebl and Rios Tuesta, 2011). Improvements in employee productivity: Part time working students are the major employees of Starbucks so it becomes difficult for the company to provide quality services. Thus, Starbucks requires providing training tools for the increment in the productivity of the employees. Improvements in products and stores: Starbucks also need to improve their product line by introducing significant products that will match the critical demands of the customers. Moreover, the company needs to improve the store design so that the customers are more attracted and devise strategies for enhancements of Starbucks experience (George, 2010). Development of customer focused initiatives: The Company to increase the customer footfall needs to employ customer-focused initiatives like introduction of Starbucks loyalty card. Regenerating the brand value : The Company will have to restore the brand value by regaining the emotions of the customers concerning the brand (Cole, 2008). Considering the above issues that Starbucks need to resolve it can be suggested that adoption of lean will be effective. Use of lean will improve the productivity by providing better training tools to the inexperienced employees of Starbucks. The use of the Queuing theory approach within the store will help Starbucks to improve the store design and customer flow. The use of six-sigma approach will help Starbucks to reduce the lead time on the production of coffee and this will help Starbucks to spend more time in connecting with customers. Hence, the usage of the lean six sigma will help Starbucks to effectively reduce the defects rates and also eliminate the waste from the manufacturing process (Furst, 2010). The lean six- sigma process is implemented using five stages namely defining the process that needs to be improved, measure the current process performance, analyze the data ascertained from the measurement, improve the errors within the process and determine control methods in order to improve the process (Antony and Banuelas, 2002). Application of lean six-sigma in Starbucks Starbucks prices products that are costlier than other coffee brands however; the customer loyalty of Starbucks is a result of the high customer satisfaction and pleasurable experience that Starbucks offers (Marksberry, 2011). Define In this phase, the management at Starbucks will define the major issue that needs to be addressed. Here the major issue of Starbucks is to maintain a consistency in the customer experience. With the help of voice of the customer and critical to quality tools, the following elements of customer satisfaction may be identified. Voice of the customer Critical to quality High coffee quality Fast table service Friendly and congenial environment Variety of coffee flavors Avoidance of store smell Avoidance of kitchen noise Soothing store interior colors Comfortable seating arrangements with corner shacks Measure The main objective of this stage in lean six-sigma is to set guidelines for the improvement of the production process. In Starbucks, the measurable factor is customer experience and the organization needs to set guidelines for improvement of the customer experience. Following are the measures that should be taken by the organization (Snee, 2010). Line queuing: The cost of waiting in a line is reduced with the help of effective line queuing methods (Dumitru, 2011). There are four types of waiting line models and Starbucks uses the multi line method for fast and reliable service and thereby can reduce the waiting time of the customer and increase the customer experience. Starbucks has increased the customer ordering process with the help of queuing method. Figure 2 : Proposed Customer ordering process in Starbucks (Source: Tata and Jones, 2011, pp-92) Product quality: The various measurable factors of product quality of Starbucks are namely the product temperature, freshness and consistency in the taste and quality. In case of hot and cold coffee Starbucks can effectively use lean six-sigma to set the temperature level to acceptable upper and lower limits as determined by the Health and Safety regulations in order to provide satisfying customer experience (Martinez and Gitlow, 2011). The product freshness of the coffee and the other food products of Starbucks should be measured by a focus group survey. The freshness of a product depends on the storage life of the product. Starbucks uses an aseptic bottling process where they sanitize the bottle and frees from bacteria so that the coffee products can be stored for a longer period along with taste, smell, texture and flavor. The use of this bottling process has helped Starbucks in gaining customer satisfaction and increase the carry to home service. For maintaining product consistency Starbucks has to maintain coffee texture, consistent preparation method for coffee, coffee flavor mixture, serving temperature and coffee presentation. Shop atmosphere: Comfortable and creative shop atmosphere will also contribute to increase the customer experience in Starbucks. Lena six-sigma identifies the major desirable atmospheric factors namely soothing interior colors, Dim lighting, corner seats, kiosks, room temperature air conditioners and light music. With the help of customer psychological studies and focus group interviews Starbucks will be able to ascertain the factors that needs to be improved to improve the customer experience (Nicoletti, 2013). The psychological study conducted by Starbucks has revealed that adoption of green color in the logo of the company generates a positive sign in the customer experience. The customers perceive the sign as environmental sustainability and the color revive them of stress. Analysis The main purpose of this stage is to determine the major causes of the problems and eliminate the causes to improve the process. By using the lean six-sigma, Starbucks tried to determine the standard product quality elements and standard atmospheric elements that needs to be improved in order to improve the customer experience. Product quality factors Atmosphere quality factors 20 minutes time duration in order line queuing resulting in high waiting time and wastage of time in line queuing 50 watt lighting generates reading problems for customers Slow order completion process Average service time per customer is 25 minutes Use of bulb lighting creates loud environment Hot Coffee served remains hot for only 1 minute suggesting low temperature levels Use of wooden chairs and no sofa or couch available Changes to be made in flavors of Frappucino and Mocha (Paryani, 2012) Brown color in the logo suggests strength and conventionality and prevents uniqueness and connectivity Improve This stage evolves solutions to the problems. The focus is on the most innovative, easy and improved solution. By using the lean six-sigma process Starbucks has implemented the following improvements in order to enhance customer experience. Adoption of multiple line method to decrease the waiting time from 20 minutes to 5 minutes (Eroglu and Hofer, 2011) The coffee served is preserved at an average temperature of around 190F +/- 10F to ensure hotness of the coffee for around 15 to 20 minutes after it has been served The other eatable products should be packaged with a storage life of maximum 3 days to maintain the freshness of the products Starbucks should use florescent tubes of 500 watts in order to create a soothing internal atmosphere (Salah, Rahim and Carretero, 2010). Store interiors should be decorated with couches and sofas, inclusion of wifis, readable lamps on the top of corner seats and should use light shades for the interior colors Control This stage will devise monitoring steps in order to control the success of the implemented steps. Starbucks implemented the following control methods in order to control the customer experience process. Opening of more counters and employee more kitchen staffs in order to reduce waiting time (Ray and Das, 2010) The use of Bunn coffee machine to keep the coffee hot at the time of serving Using First in first out method to clear stock inventory of eatables like Blueberry muffin, Grilled cheese, egg salad sandwich so that freshness can be maintained Use of diagonal and aesthetic store layout and design evaluated by the retail store quality management team Constant upgrading of the color, interiors and store settings and size (Pezziardi, 2010) Conclusions and recommendations The assignment shows the application of the lean six-sigma methodology by Starbucks to increase the customer experience. However, the customers are of the opinion that although lean six-sigma has been successfully reduced the waiting time however, the staffs at Starbucks are in hurry to complete the order and hence are giving less time on customer service. Hence it can be recommended that Starbucks should adopt lean six-sigma however should not make stringent organizational policies that will hamper the process of customer satisfaction. Since Starbucks is a service industry hence fulfilling the gap between customer expectation and customer services should be removed effectively. Hence Starbucks should keep the qualitative aspects in the customer experience although if it adopts the lean six-sigma. Reference list Adebanjo, D., and Mann, R. (2008b). Sustainability of benchmarking networks: A case-based analysis.Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 19(12), 107122. Antony, J. (2007). Six Sigma: a strategy for supporting innovation in pursuit of business excellence. International Journal of Technology Management, 37(1-2), 8-12. Antony, J., and Banuelas, R. (2002). Key ingredients for the effective implementation of Six Sigma program. Measuring Business Excellence, 6(4), 20-27. Augusto Cauchick Miguel, P. and Marcos Andrietta, J. 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